A hybrid energy storage system (HESS) of tram composed of different energy storage elements (ESEs) is gradually being adopted, leveraging the advantages of each ESE. …
Energy management in Siemens ''Combino Plus'' multimodal tram vehicles when rolling on non-electrified sections: (I) acceleration power is supplied by supercapacitors; (II) cruising/coasting power is supplied by …
To this end, a novel optimization framework for planning hybrid storage systems (batteries + super-capacitors) for tramway applications on either wayside or on …
A tram with on-board hybrid energy storage systems based on batteries and supercapacitors is a new option for the urban traffic system. This configuration enables …
This article focuses on the optimization of energy management strategy (EMS) for the tram equipped with on-board battery-supercapacitor hybrid energy storage sy.
There are two kinds of non-grid power supply technologies: sectional ground power supply technology and on-board energy storage technology. The more commonly used is on …
Schematic diagrams of different energy supplies for the catenary-free tram: (a) UC storage systems with fast-charging at each station (US-FC), (b) battery storage systems with slow-charging at …
A hybrid energy storage system (HESS) of tram composed of different energy storage elements (ESEs) is gradually being adopted, leveraging the advantages …
This article focuses on the optimization of energy management strategy (EMS) for the tram equipped with on-board battery-supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system. The …
This paper describes a hybrid tram powered by a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell (FC) stack supported by an energy storage system (ESS) composed of a Li-ion …